Iver Bernstein cites these sources in the Bibliographical Essay contained in the his history of the draft riots. Except where noted, the annotations are my own. Bernstein also points out that the diaries and recollections of soldiers who fought against the rioters have not been thoroughly studied.

***

Personal Recollections of the Draft Riot of 1863
By Lucy Gibbons Morse

Morse was the daughter of abolitionists Abby Hopper Gibbons and James Sloan Gibbons whose house on West 29th Street was attacked during the riots.

The Diary of George Templeton Strong
By George Templeton Strong

The diary of lawyer George T. Strong is held at the New-York Historical Society and provides vivid and detailed accounts of life in New York City in the 19th Century, including accounts of the draft riots and the Civil War.

An Eyewitness Account of the Draft Riots of New York, July 1883 (via JSTOR)
Edited by A. Hunter Dupree and 

A prominent botanist named Dr. John Torrey described his experiences of the riot in a letter to fellow botanist John Grey (of the Grey Herbarium at Harvard University. This 1960

The Papers of Abraham Lincoln
From the Library of Congress

Samuel L.M. Barlow Papers
Huntington Library

Bernstein notes that Barlow’s papers “provide fascinating commentary on both the view from the White House and the perspective of New York’s wealthy Democrats.”

John Adams Dix Papers
Rare Books and Manuscripts Library / Columbia University